2. Resistive networks
Thévenin voltage
Formula
Tags
Detail
VTh is the open-circuit voltage of the Thévenin equivalent that replaces the network.
Explore the idea
Variables
- voltages (V)
- resistances (Ω)
- currents (A).
Conditions
- Linear resistive DC network; unloaded divider unless RL is stated.
Intuitive explanation
For “Thévenin voltage”: the divider and Thévenin/Norton reduce the network to one port; a load across R2 lowers Vo.
Worked example
If a network delivers with the output open, .
Common mistakes
- forgetting that RL sits in parallel with R2
- using the unloaded divider with a load present
- mixing kΩ with Ω
Frequently asked questions
- What must be checked before using the Thévenin voltage relation?
- Check a resistive DC network, sign references and whether the divider is loaded.
Also known as
- Thévenin
- Thevenin
- Thévenin voltage
Related topics
Conventions
- V, A or Ω according to the left-hand side
Last reviewed: 2026-09-19